The United States and its Gulf allies have put forth a draft UN Security Council resolution that seeks to impose sanctions or other punitive measures on Iran. This action is contingent on Iran’s failure to halt its attacks on vessels in the Strait of Hormuz, cease the imposition of what are termed “illegal tolls,” and reveal the precise locations of all sea mines to ensure unimpeded navigation. The proposed resolution further mandates that Iran actively participate in and enable the United Nations’ initiatives to establish a humanitarian corridor within the strait. This corridor is intended for the safe delivery of essential aid, fertilizers, and other crucial goods.
Diplomatic Push Follows Previous Veto
This latest diplomatic maneuver by the U.S. and its Gulf partners comes after an earlier, less stringent resolution aimed at opening the strait was vetoed by both China and Russia. That veto occurred just hours before a temporary ceasefire between Washington and Tehran was announced in early April. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has accused Iran of “continuing to hold the world’s economy hostage” through its attempts to close the strait, threats against shipping, deployment of sea mines, and efforts to levy tolls on this vital waterway.
While Rubio expressed anticipation for the resolution’s vote, he also acknowledged uncertainty regarding whether recent “slight adjustments” to the text, which removed language authorizing the use of force and instead focused on sanctions, would be sufficient to prevent another veto from Iran’s allies on the council. U.S. Ambassador Mike Waltz, however, believes the new, more focused proposal will garner the necessary support without triggering opposition or a veto.
Resolution Details and Enforcement
The resolution, drafted under Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, implies that it could be enforced militarily, threatening “effective measures that are commensurate with the gravity of the situation, including sanctions” if Iran fails to comply. A previous resolution had removed the Chapter 7 reference but was still vetoed. A Security Council diplomat noted that direct condemnation of Iran without also acknowledging U.S. and Israeli strikes has been a contentious point in past negotiations. The new draft reaffirms the right of all nations to defend their vessels and prohibits other countries from assisting Iran in closing the strait or imposing tolls. It also supports ongoing efforts for de-escalation, coordination for safe transit, and a durable peace in the region, encouraging dialogue among member states.
U.S. Engages in High-Level Diplomacy
The U.S. is reportedly engaging in high-level diplomatic efforts to persuade China to abstain from vetoing the resolution, particularly in anticipation of President Donald Trump’s upcoming visit to meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping. The U.S. aims for a narrower proposal to ensure passage through the Strait of Hormuz.
